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Standard Test Methods for Integrity Testing of Concrete Deep Foundations by Thermal Methods
1.1 These test methods provide procedures for measuring the temperature profile within a deep foundation element constructed using cast-in-place concrete, such as bored piles, drilled shafts, augered piles, diaphragm walls, barrettes, and alike. The thermal profile induced by the curing concrete can indicate the homogeneity and integrity of the concrete mass within the deep foundation element.
1.2 Three alternative procedures are provided:
1.2.1 Method A uses a thermal probe lowered into access ducts installed in the deep foundation element during construction.
1.2.2 Method B uses multiple embedded thermal sensors attached to the reinforcing cage installed in the deep foundation element during construction.2
1.2.3 Method C uses embedded fiber optic cables attached to the reinforcing cage installed in the deep foundation element during construction.3
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.
1.5 This standard provides minimum requirements for integrity testing of concrete deep foundation elements using thermal methods. Plans, specifications, and/or provisions prepared by a qualified engineer, and approved by the agency requiring the test, may provide additional requirements and procedures as needed to satisfy the objectives of a particular test program.
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 1: ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
1.7 Limitations—Proper installation of the access ducts, thermal sensors, or fiber optic cables is essential for effective testing and interpretation. If an anomaly is identified, then the method does not give the exact cause (for example, inclusion, bulge, honeycombing, lack of cement particles, and alike) but rather only that an anomaly exists. The method is limited to testing the concrete or grout during its early curing process, up to and including the time of peak concrete or grout temperature.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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