ASTM D471 : 12a

Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids

Standard Details

1.1 This test method covers the required procedures to evaluate the comparative ability of rubber and rubber-like compositions to withstand the effect of liquids. It is designed for testing: (1) specimens of vulcanized rubber cut from standard sheets (see Practice D3182), (2) specimens cut from fabric coated with vulcanized rubber (see Test Methods D751), or (3) finished articles of commerce (see Practice D3183). This test method is not applicable to the testing of cellular rubbers, porous compositions, and compressed sheet packing, except as described in 11.2.2.

1.2 ASTM Oils No. 2 and No. 3, formerly used in this test method as standard test liquids, are no longer commercially available and in 1993 were replaced with IRM 902 and IRM 903, respectively (see Appendix X1 for details).

1.3 ASTM No. 1 Oil, previously used in this test method as a standard test liquid, is no longer commercially available and in 2005 was replaced with IRM 901; refer to Table 1 and Appendix X3 for details.

TABLE 1 Specifications and Typical Properties of IRM Reference Oils

Property	IRM 901^A	IRM 902	IRM 903	IRM 905	ASTM Method
Specified Properties:
Aniline Point, °C (°F)	124 ± 1 (255 ± 2)	93 ± 3 (199 ± 5)	70± 1 (158 ± 2)	115 ± 1 (239± 2)	D611
Kinematic Viscosity
(mm²/s [cSt])
38°C (100°F)		...	31.9–34.1	...	D445
99°C (210°F)	18.12–20.34	19.2–21.5	...	10.8–11.9	D445
Gravity, API, 16°C (60°F)	28.8 ± 1	19.0–21.0	21.0–23.0	...	D287
Viscosity-Gravity Constant	0.790–0.805	0.860–0.870	0.875–0.885	...	D2140
Flash Point COC, °C (°F)	243(469) min	232 (450) min	163 (325) min	243 (469) min	D92
Naphthenics, C_N (%)	27 (avg)	35 min	40 min	...	D2140
Paraffinics, C_P (%)	65 min	50 max	45 max	...	D2140

Typical Properties:
Pour Point, °C (°F)	−12 (10)	−12 (10)	−31 (−24)	−15 (5)	D97
ASTM Color	L 3.5	L 2.5	L 0.5	L 1.0	D1500
Refractive Index	1.4848	1.5105	1.5026	1.4808	D1747
UV Absorbance, 260 nm	0.8	4.0	2.2	...	D2008
Aromatics, C_A (%)	3	12	14	4	D2140

^A Refer to Appendix X3. Table X3.1 reflects the differences in the properties between ASTM No. 1 Oil and IRM 901 for reference purposes.

TABLE 2 IRM 901 – 2012 Batch Test Results

Property	Method	2005 Batch COA	2005 Batch Current	2012 Sample Data				2012 Batch Average
Viscosity, cSt @99°C	D445	19.58	19.5	18.8	18.7	18.8	18.7	18.8
Viscosity, cSt @99°C	D445	19.58	19.5	18.8	18.8	18.9	18.7	18.8

Gravity, API @16°C	D287	28.6	28.9	28.9	28.9	28.8	28.9	28.9
Gravity, API @16°C	D287	28.6	28.9	28.9	28.9	28.9	28.9	28.9

Flash Point COC, °C	D92	287	313	306	289	292	288	296
Flash Point COC, °C	D92	287	313	299	303	294	294	296

Aniline Point, °C	D611	123.8	124.7	124.8	124.8	124.7	124.3	124.5
Aniline Point, °C	D611	123.8	124.7	124.8	124.8	124.9	124.6	124.5

Viscosity- Gravity Constant	D2140	0.796	0.798	0.799	0.799	0.800	0.799	0.799
Viscosity- Gravity Constant	D2140	0.796	0.798	0.799	0.799	0.799	0.799	0.799

Naphthenics, Cn%	D2140	—	24	26	26	27	28	27
Naphthenics, Cn%	D2140	—	24	26	26	27	29	27

Paraffinics, Cp%	D2140	70	72	71	71	69	70	71
Paraffinics, Cp%	D2140	70	72	71	71	71	70	71